The HIV-2/SIVSM Vpx protein and an antiviral restriction in primary myeloid cells
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چکیده
منابع مشابه
Primate Lentiviral Vpx Commandeers DDB1 to Counteract a Macrophage Restriction
Primate lentiviruses encode four "accessory proteins" including Vif, Vpu, Nef, and Vpr/Vpx. Vif and Vpu counteract the antiviral effects of cellular restrictions to early and late steps in the viral replication cycle. We present evidence that the Vpx proteins of HIV-2/SIV(SM) promote virus infection by antagonizing an antiviral restriction in macrophages. Fusion of macrophages in which Vpx was ...
متن کاملCo-Evolution of Primate SAMHD1 and Lentivirus Vpx Leads to the Loss of the vpx Gene in HIV-1 Ancestor
Cross-species transmission and adaptation of simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) to humans have given rise to human immunodeficiency viruses (HIVs). HIV type 1 (HIV-1) and type 2 (HIV-2) were derived from SIVs that infected chimpanzee (SIVcpz) and sooty mangabey (SIVsm), respectively. The HIV-1 restriction factor SAMHD1 inhibits HIV-1 infection in human myeloid cells and can be counteracted ...
متن کاملThe antiviral compound BIT225 inhibits HIV-1 replication in myeloid dendritic cells
BACKGROUND Previous studies with BIT225 (N-carbamimidoyl-5-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-naphthamide) have demonstrated a unique antiviral activity that blocks the release of HIV-1 from monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM). Antagonising the ion channel formed by HIV-1 Vpu, BIT225 preferentially targets de novo intracellular virus produced in 'virus-containing compartments' of MDM. In primary infec...
متن کاملRestriction of HIV-1 Replication in Monocytes Is Abolished by Vpx of SIVsmmPBj
BACKGROUND Human primary monocytes are refractory to infection with the human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) or transduction with HIV-1-derived vectors. In contrast, efficient single round transduction of monocytes is mediated by vectors derived from simian immunodeficiency virus of sooty mangabeys (SIVsmmPBj), depending on the presence of the viral accessory protein Vpx. METHODS AND FINDIN...
متن کاملImmune Activation Influences SAMHD1 Expression and Vpx-mediated SAMHD1 Degradation during Chronic HIV-1 Infection
SAMHD1 restricts human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication in myeloid cells and CD4+ T cells, while Vpx can mediate SAMHD1 degradation to promote HIV-1 replication. Although the restriction mechanisms of SAMHD1 have been well-described, SAMHD1 expression and Vpx-mediated SAMHD1 degradation during chronic HIV-1 infection were poorly understood. Flow cytometric analysis was used to ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Retrovirology
سال: 2009
ISSN: 1742-4690
DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-6-s2-p12